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通用英语语法

1 句子的种类概述
2 句子的结构分类
3 基本句型
4 祈使句结构
5 感叹句结构
6 强调句结构-It is(was)
7 用助动词进行强调
8 反意疑问句-陈述部分有had better
9 反意疑问句-must在表"推测"时,根据其推测的情况来确定反意疑问句
10 反意疑问句-否定前缀不能视为否定词,其反意疑问句仍用否定形式
11 反意疑问句-陈述部分是"there be"结构的,疑问部分用there省略主语代词
12 反意疑问句-省去主语的祈使句的反意疑问句,疑问部分用will you
13 反意疑问句-带情态动词dare或need的反意疑问句,疑问部分常用 need (dare ) +主语
14 反意疑问句-陈述部分主语是不定代词everybody, anyone, somebody, nobody, no one等
15 反意疑问句-陈述部分为主语从句或并列复合句
16 反意疑问句-陈述部分主语是指示代词或不定代词everything, that, nothing, this
17 反意疑问句-陈述部分由neither… nor, either… or 连接的并列主语
18 反意疑问句-感叹句中,疑问部分用be +主语
19 反意疑问句-陈述部分有must 的疑问句
20 反意疑问句-陈述部分有would rather
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常用的强调句结构是it 引导的句子,结构为It is(was)+ 被强调部分+ that(who) + 句子的其余部分。此结构强调的成分限于主语,宾语和状语
。例如:

It is from the sun that we get light and heat.
我们是从太阳那儿获取光和热。

It was not until I had read your letter that I understood the true state of affairs.
知道读了你的信,我才知道实际情形。

典型例题

1)It was last night ___ I see the comet.

A. the time
B. when
C. that
D. which

答案C. 强调句的结构是: It +be +强调部分 + that (who))+ 主谓句。 强调句的连词只有两个,that和who。当强调的部分是人,且为句子的主
语时,才用 "who",其余用that。再如:原句:My father did the experiment in the lab yesterday evening.

强调主语: It was my father who did the experiment in the lab yesterday evening.
强调宾语: It was the experiment that my father did in the lab yesterday evening.
强调时间: It was yesterday evening that my father did the experiment in the lab. (注意不用when)
强调地点: It was in the lab that my father did the experiment yesterday evening.

2)It is ten years ___ Miss Green returned to Canada.

A. that
B. when
C. since
D. as

答案C. 考点是连词用法。本题易误选为A. that. 其实本句不是强调句。若是,去掉It be… that还应是一个完整的句子。而本句去掉 'It is…that',只剩
下ten years Miss Green returned to Canada. 不成句。因此本句不是强调句。
 
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